Documentation Index
Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://developer.upsun.com/llms.txt
Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.
Overview
Drupal CMS, born of DrupalCon 2024 initiative “Starshot”, has been released today.
This now default download of Drupal, built on Drupal core, packages common recipes and features into a simpler experience and installation process to launch Drupal sites fast.
Alternative approachThis tutorial will take you through each step of setting up Drupal on Upsun - from building the project skeleton to defining infrastructure in YAML, with the goal of demonstrating how all the pieces fit together.This may not be for everyone, though.
Thankfully, the Upsun Activation team has released a complementary article in our Support Forum describing an internal scaffold plugin which will automatically create the required files described here.
While the user’s experience is meant to be quite different when logged into the Admin dashboard, deploying Drupal CMS is for the most part identical to deploying Drupal.
Seeing as we haven’t yet brought Drupal into the Dev Center yet, I’ll do my best to present both side by side — noting differences where they exist.
Steps
Quickstart
Set up the new project according to the download instructions:
composer create-project drupal/cms:^1 upsun_drupal
composer create-project drupal/recommended-project upsun_drupal
In the project root (cd upsun_drupal), add the following to a new .gitignore file:
# Ignore directories generated by Composer
/drush/contrib/
/vendor/
/web/core/
/web/modules/contrib/
/web/themes/contrib/
/web/profiles/contrib/
/web/libraries/
console/
# Ignore sensitive information
/web/sites/*/settings.local.php
# Ignore Drupal's file directory
/web/sites/*/files/
# Ignore SimpleTest multi-site environment.
/web/sites/simpletest
# Ignore files generated by PhpStorm
/.idea/
# Ignore .env files as they are personal
/.env
# Ignore mounts
web/sites/default/files
tmp
private
.drush
drush-backups
.console
/.editorconfig
/.gitattributes
Setup locally with DDEV
With the basic site together locally, let’s commit what we’ve done so far:
git init
git add .
git commit -m "Initial project."
Upsun first steps
Now, use the Upsun CLI to create a new project.
Then you can use the command project:init to setup some base configuration for a PHP application using MariaDB and Redis through the prompts.
Open the .upsun/config.yaml file that’s been generated and replace with the following:
applications:
drupal:
type: "php:8.3"
relationships:
mariadb: 'db:mysql'
redis: 'cache:redis'
mounts:
# The default Drupal files directory.
'/web/sites/default/files':
source: storage
source_path: 'files'
# Drupal gets its own dedicated tmp directory. The settings.platformsh.php
# file will automatically configure Drupal to use this directory.
'/tmp':
source: storage
source_path: 'tmp'
# Private file uploads are stored outside the web root. The settings.platformsh.php
# file will automatically configure Drupal to use this directory.
'/private':
source: storage
source_path: 'private'
# Drush needs a scratch space for its own caches.
'/.drush':
source: storage
source_path: 'drush'
# Drush will try to save backups to this directory, so it must be
# writeable even though you will almost never need to use it.
'/drush-backups':
source: storage
source_path: 'drush-backups'
build:
flavor: composer
web:
locations:
'/':
root: 'web'
expires: 5m
passthru: '/index.php'
allow: false
rules:
'\.(avif|webp|jpe?g|png|gif|svgz?|css|js|map|ico|bmp|eot|woff2?|otf|ttf)$':
allow: true
'^/robots\.txt$':
allow: true
'^/sitemap\.xml$':
allow: true
'^/sites/sites\.php$':
scripts: false
'^/sites/[^/]+/settings.*?\.php$':
scripts: false
'/sites/default/files':
allow: true
expires: 5m
passthru: '/index.php'
root: 'web/sites/default/files'
scripts: false
rules:
'^/sites/default/files/(css|js)':
expires: 2w
dependencies:
php:
composer/composer: "^2.7"
hooks:
build: |
set -e
# fast.
deploy: |
set -e
cd web
# We don't want to run drush commands if drupal isn't installed.
# Similarly, we don't want to attempt to run config-import if there aren't any config files to import
if [ -n "$(drush status --field=bootstrap)" ]; then
drush -y cache-rebuild
drush -y updatedb
if [ -n "$(ls $(drush php:eval "echo realpath(Drupal\Core\Site\Settings::get('config_sync_directory'));")/*.yml 2>/dev/null)" ]; then
drush -y config-import
else
echo "No config to import. Skipping."
fi
else
echo "Drupal not installed. Skipping standard Drupal deploy steps"
fi
crons:
# Run Drupal's cron tasks every 19 minutes.
drupal:
spec: '*/19 * * * *'
commands:
start: 'cd web ; drush core-cron'
runtime:
# Enable the redis extension so Drupal can communicate with the Redis cache.
extensions:
- redis
- sodium
- apcu
- blackfire
source:
root: /
services:
db:
type: mariadb:10.6
cache:
type: redis:7.2
routes:
"https://{default}/":
type: upstream
upstream: "drupal:http"
cache:
enabled: true
# Base the cache on the session cookie and custom Drupal cookies. Ignore all other cookies.
cookies: ['/^SS?ESS/', '/^Drupal.visitor/']
"https://www.{default}/":
type: redirect
to: "https://{default}/"
This configuration is identical to what we’ve recommended for deploying Drupal on Platform.sh, just updating for the few differences seen in Upsun’s configuration.
Variables
Next, the project:init command created a .environment file for us, containing environment variables for our two services (MariaDB and Redis). Append the highlighted Drush configuration to the bottom of that file:
# Set database environment variables
export DB_HOST="$MARIADB_HOST"
export DB_PORT="$MARIADB_PORT"
export DB_PATH="$MARIADB_PATH"
export DB_DATABASE="$DB_PATH"
export DB_USERNAME="$MARIADB_USERNAME"
export DB_PASSWORD="$MARIADB_PASSWORD"
export DB_SCHEME="$MARIADB_SCHEME"
export DATABASE_URL="${DB_SCHEME}://${DB_USERNAME}:${DB_PASSWORD}@${DB_HOST}:${DB_PORT}/${DB_PATH}"
# Set Cache environment variables
export CACHE_HOST="$REDIS_HOST"
export CACHE_PORT="$REDIS_PORT"
export CACHE_SCHEME="$REDIS_SCHEME"
export CACHE_URL="${CACHE_SCHEME}://${CACHE_HOST}:${CACHE_PORT}"
# Set Redis environment variables
export REDIS_URL="$CACHE_URL"
# Allow executable app dependencies from Composer to be run from the path.
if [ -n "$PLATFORM_APP_DIR" -a -f "$PLATFORM_APP_DIR"/composer.json ] ; then
bin=$(composer config bin-dir --working-dir="$PLATFORM_APP_DIR" --no-interaction 2>/dev/null)
export PATH="${PLATFORM_APP_DIR}/${bin:-vendor/bin}:${PATH}"
fi
# Configure Drush to use the primary route as the site URI.
if [ -n "$PLATFORM_ROUTES" ]; then
export DRUSH_OPTIONS_URI="$(echo "$PLATFORM_ROUTES" | base64 --decode | jq -r 'to_entries[] | select(.value.primary == true) | .key')"
fi
settings.php
Open web/sites/default/settings.php and append the following highlighted portion to the bottom of that file, just below the DDEV configuration.
// Automatically generated include for settings managed by ddev.
if (getenv('IS_DDEV_PROJECT') == 'true' && file_exists(__DIR__ . '/settings.ddev.php')) {
include __DIR__ . '/settings.ddev.php';
}
/**
* Load local development override configuration, if available.
*
* Create a settings.local.php file to override variables on secondary (staging,
* development, etc.) installations of this site.
*
* Typical uses of settings.local.php include:
* - Disabling caching.
* - Disabling JavaScript/CSS compression.
* - Rerouting outgoing emails.
*
* Keep this code block at the end of this file to take full effect.
*/
#
# if (file_exists($app_root . '/' . $site_path . '/settings.local.php')) {
# include $app_root . '/' . $site_path . '/settings.local.php';
# }
// Upsun configuration
if (getenv('PLATFORM_APPLICATION') && file_exists(__DIR__ . '/settings.upsun.php')) {
include __DIR__ . '/settings.upsun.php';
}
Upsun-specific settings
Then create a new Upsun-specific settings file web/sites/default/settings.upsun.php that leverages the variables defined in .environemnt that contains the following:
<?php
/**
* @file
* Platform.sh settings.
*/
use Drupal\Core\Installer\InstallerKernel;
// Set up a config sync directory.
//
// This is defined inside the read-only "config" directory, deployed via Git.
$settings['config_sync_directory'] = '../config/sync';
// Configure the database.
$databases['default']['default'] = [
'driver' => getenv('DB_SCHEME'),
'database' => getenv('DB_PATH'),
'username' => getenv('DB_USERNAME'),
'password' => getenv('DB_PASSWORD'),
'host' => getenv('DB_HOST'),
'port' => getenv('DB_PORT'),
'init_commands' => [
'isolation_level' => 'SET SESSION TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED',
],
];
// Enable verbose error messages on development/staging branches, but not on the production branch.
// You may add more debug-centric settings here if desired to have them automatically enable
// on development but not production.
if (getenv('PLATFORM_ENVIRONMENT_TYPE') == 'production') {
// Production environment type.
$config['system.logging']['error_level'] = 'hide';
} else {
// Non-production environment types.
$config['system.logging']['error_level'] = 'verbose';
}
// Enable Redis caching.
if (!InstallerKernel::installationAttempted() && extension_loaded('redis') && class_exists('Drupal\redis\ClientFactory')) {
// Set Redis as the default backend for any cache bin not otherwise specified.
$settings['cache']['default'] = 'cache.backend.redis';
$settings['redis.connection']['host'] = getenv('CACHE_HOST');
$settings['redis.connection']['port'] = getenv('CACHE_PORT');
// Apply changes to the container configuration to better leverage Redis.
// This includes using Redis for the lock and flood control systems, as well
// as the cache tag checksum. Alternatively, copy the contents of that file
// to your project-specific services.yml file, modify as appropriate, and
// remove this line.
$settings['container_yamls'][] = 'modules/contrib/redis/example.services.yml';
// Allow the services to work before the Redis module itself is enabled.
$settings['container_yamls'][] = 'modules/contrib/redis/redis.services.yml';
// Manually add the classloader path, this is required for the container cache bin definition below
// and allows to use it without the redis module being enabled.
$class_loader->addPsr4('Drupal\\redis\\', 'modules/contrib/redis/src');
// Use redis for container cache.
// The container cache is used to load the container definition itself, and
// thus any configuration stored in the container itself is not available
// yet. These lines force the container cache to use Redis rather than the
// default SQL cache.
$settings['bootstrap_container_definition'] = [
'parameters' => [],
'services' => [
'redis.factory' => [
'class' => 'Drupal\redis\ClientFactory',
],
'cache.backend.redis' => [
'class' => 'Drupal\redis\Cache\CacheBackendFactory',
'arguments' => ['@redis.factory', '@cache_tags_provider.container', '@serialization.phpserialize'],
],
'cache.container' => [
'class' => '\Drupal\redis\Cache\PhpRedis',
'factory' => ['@cache.backend.redis', 'get'],
'arguments' => ['container'],
],
'cache_tags_provider.container' => [
'class' => 'Drupal\redis\Cache\RedisCacheTagsChecksum',
'arguments' => ['@redis.factory'],
],
'serialization.phpserialize' => [
'class' => 'Drupal\Component\Serialization\PhpSerialize',
],
],
];
}
if (getenv('PLATFORM_BRANCH')) {
// Configure private and temporary file paths.
if (!isset($settings['file_private_path'])) {
$settings['file_private_path'] = getenv('PLATFORM_APP_DIR') . '/private';
}
if (!isset($settings['file_temp_path'])) {
$settings['file_temp_path'] = getenv('PLATFORM_APP_DIR') . '/tmp';
}
// Configure the default PhpStorage and Twig template cache directories.
if (!isset($settings['php_storage']['default'])) {
$settings['php_storage']['default']['directory'] = $settings['file_private_path'];
}
if (!isset($settings['php_storage']['twig'])) {
$settings['php_storage']['twig']['directory'] = $settings['file_private_path'];
}
// Set the project-specific entropy value, used for generating one-time
// keys and such.
$settings['hash_salt'] = empty($settings['hash_salt']) ? getenv('PLATFORM_PROJECT_ENTROPY') : $settings['hash_salt'];
// Set the deployment identifier, which is used by some Drupal cache systems.
$settings['deployment_identifier'] = $settings['deployment_identifier'] ?? getenv('PLATFORM_TREE_ID');;
}
// The 'trusted_hosts_pattern' setting allows an admin to restrict the Host header values
// that are considered trusted. If an attacker sends a request with a custom-crafted Host
// header then it can be an injection vector, depending on how the Host header is used.
// However, Platform.sh already replaces the Host header with the route that was used to reach
// Platform.sh, so it is guaranteed to be safe. The following line explicitly allows all
// Host headers, as the only possible Host header is already guaranteed safe.
$settings['trusted_host_patterns'] = ['.*'];
config/sync
Create the config/sync empty directory referenced in this settings file:
mkdir -p config/sync && touch config/sync/.gitkeep
Configuration reader
Install the helpful Config Reader library, which is required, and will help us to pull routing details for each environment into our settings (highlighted in the snippet in the next step).
composer require platformsh/config-reader
Deploy
Commit these new files, and push to the Upsun production environment:
git add . && git commit -m "Upsunify Drupal CMS" && upsun push -y
git add . && git commit -m "Upsunify Drupal 11" && upsun push -y
And success! At this point the Drupal site will be deployed on Upsun, ready for us to upload the settings/installation we have locally.
Syncing data
Click the dropdown showing your name in the upper right hand corner of the Upsun management console, and select the API Tokens option.
Create and copy a new token.
Then, using the DDEV CLI, update your global DDEV configuration (if you haven’t done so already) to connect with Upsun.
ddev config global --web-environment-add="UPSUN_CLI_TOKEN=XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"
Then update the project’s DDEV configuration to match the Upsun project and environment:
web_environment:
- PLATFORM_PROJECT=yoUrPr0jC3TId
- PLATFORM_ENVIRONMENT=main
Restart DDEV:
And push our local installation to the production environment:
Success!
Through these steps you will have successfully migrated either Drupal CMS or a skeleton Drupal 11 project, from scratch, to Upsun.
Hopefully these steps provide you with enough context such that you can perform a custom migration with your own Drupal applications.
SnippetsYou can also find all of the snippets desribed in this post on GitHub
Be seeing you!